Yeah, cognitive dissonance is back. Leon Festinger's original 1957 research presenting this theory of attitude change actually involved faulty mystical predictions: When Prophecy Fails is the name of the book. He studied a flying saucer cult that predicted the arrival of the aliens and what happened when the aliens didn't come.
The theory comes and goes in the popular press. It's not the only way to explain attitudes but it's intuitively appealing, easy to apply and mostly right.
There's other explanations of attitude change and persistence, including one focused on social identity (Bem), and more recently a theory based on use of core metaphors (Lakoff).
eta: A key to cutting through bias to truth is how the scientific/academic/scholarly/cultural community is structured--how people relate to each other, the nature of the group and how one gets into it, how legitimacy and rewards are conferred, etc. Cognitive dissonance theory doesn't consider these factors so it's quite incomplete.