Ur- is a German word and means original, primal. Ur-Mensch are the first humans.
The images on the left are German card inserts. In German-speaking countries, playing cards are used with different suits from the well-known French spades etc: bells, acorns, leaves and hearts. The court cards are different, too, there is no Queen, and Deuces take the place of the Ace.
I love this deck very much and even used it to play with my niece the way intended in the late 18th century!