Was the Hanged Man hung as a traitor?

wandking

Waite appears to ascribe Christ-like meanings to the card, saying:

A. E. Waite – 12. The Hanged Man. This is the symbol which is supposed to represent Prudence, and Éliphas Lévi says, in his most shallow and plausible manner, that it is the adept bound by his engagements. The figure of a man is suspended head-downwards from a gibbet, to which he is attached by a rope about one of his ankles. The arms are bound behind him, and one leg is crossed over the other. According to another, and indeed the prevailing interpretation, he signifies sacrifice, but all current meanings attributed to this card are cartomancists' intuitions, apart from any real value on the symbolical side. The fortune-tellers of the eighteenth century who circulated Tarots, depict a semi-feminine youth in jerkin, poised erect on one foot and loosely attached to a short stake driven into the ground. The gallows from which he is suspended forms a Tau cross, while the figure--from the position of the legs--forms a fylfot cross. There is a nimbus about the head of the seeming martyr. It should be noted (1) that the tree of sacrifice is living wood, with leaves thereon; (2) that the face expresses deep entrancement, not suffering; (3) that the figure, as a whole, suggests life in suspension, but life and not death. It is a card of profound significance, but all the significance is veiled. One of his editors suggests that Éliphas Lévi did not know the meaning, which is unquestionable nor did the editor himself. It has been called falsely a card of martyrdom, a card a of prudence, a card of the Great Work, a card of duty; but we may exhaust all published interpretations and find only vanity. I will say very simply on my own part that it expresses the relation, in one of its aspects, between the Divine and the Universe. He who can understand that the story of his higher nature is imbedded in this symbolism will receive intimations concerning a great awakening that is possible, and will know that after the sacred Mystery of Death there is a glorious Mystery of Resurrection.
 

le pendu

Hi Wandking,

I'm a little unsure of what you want to discuss here? Is the question "Was the Hanged Man hung as a traitor?" still the intent? I'd like to address that, but feel unable to respond to the spiritual aspects you describe.

Should this thread have been titled "Who put the spirituality into the Hanged Man?"

robert
 

wandking

yes, robert

I've seen several accounts that call the card "traitor" and I believe an upside down crucifixion might have been appropriate punishment for the crime. Card imagery remains surpisingly constant in history. I've often wondered when and why this "traitor" became the very spiritual Hanged Man Waite discribes.

Waite criticizes Levi saying "Éliphas Lévi says, in his most shallow and plausible manner, that it is the adept bound by his engagements." This sentence puzzles me because the GD and probably Freemasons practiced some type of crucifixion ritual that deals with something very similar to what Levi discribed.
 

f. silvestris

I have read somewhere [probably on Aeclectic!!!] that hanging upside down was traditional punishment for a traitor in Italy. Hence Mussolini and la Clara by the heels at Milano. The card lost its original meaning outside Italy, and was [mis]interpreted as Prudence and, later, as a willing sacrifice.
 

wandking

Thanks

I wonder if Levi was the first to (mis) interpret the card by giving it spiritual meanings, which likely led to the modern meanings of sacrifice. Im digging through Levi writings to find the reference Waite quotes. It's beginning to look like Levi planted the seeds for many modern Tarot meanings. Although Waite is often critical of Levi writings, he certainly nutures the spiritual seeds Levi seems to have planted.
 

le pendu

I think a good place to start is to link to a few examples and commentaries.

Visconti-Sforza (circa 1450):
http://quatramaran.ens.fr/~madore/visconti-tarots/large/arcanum-12-hanged_man.jpg

"Tarot of Paris" (early 1600's):
http://www.tarothistory.com/images/parislependu.jpg

Jacques Vieville (circa 1643-1644):
http://www.tarothistory.com/images/vievillelependu.jpg

Jean Noblet (circa 1650), (both original and recreation by Jean-Claude Flornoy)
http://www.tarot-history.com/Jean-Noblet/pages/pages-images/le-pendu.html

Jean Dodal (circa 1701-1715), (both original and recreation by Jean-Claude Flornoy)
http://www.tarot-history.com/Jean-Dodal/pages/pages-images/12.html

Jean Payen (1743):
http://www.tarothistory.com/images/payenlependu.jpg

Nicolas Conver (1761):
http://www.tarothistory.com/images/converlependu.jpg

Oswald Wirth (1889)
http://ln.com.ua/~januspub/tarot/ow89bw-12.jpg

Waite/Smith (1909)
http://tarotinstitute.com/free/waite/12-HangedMan-BW100.jpg

Aleister Crowley (1938-1943)
http://www.bluecatsden.com/t12hangedman.jpg

Some iconography articles:
http://www.tarotpassages.com/old_moonstruck/oneill/12.htm
http://www.tarot.com/about-tarot/library/boneill/hangedman

robert
 

wandking

Ah yes...

Here it is in TRANSCENDENTAL MAGIC: Its Doctrine and Ritual: ELIPHAS LEVI Translated, annotated and introduced by Arthur Edward Waite.

According to this text, Etteilla and maybe De Gebelin offer spiritual meanings.

Waite translates Levi as saying "In archaic writings preceding the Captivity, the Hebrew Tau was cruciform, which confirms further our interpretation of the twelfth symbol of the Kabalistic Tarot. The Cross, which produces four triangles, is also the sacred sign of the duodenary, and on this account it was called the Key of Heaven by the Egyptians. So Etteilla, confused by his protracted researches for the conciliation of the analogical necessities of this symbol with his own personal opinion, in which he was influenced by the erudite Court de Gebelin, placed in the hand of his upright hanged man, by him interpreted as Prudence, a Hermetic caduceus, formed by two serpents and a Greek TAU."

I believe Ettiella wrote "PRUDENCE—Discretion, Wisdom, Circumspection, Restrained, Discernment, Foresight, Reserve—Presentiment, Prognostication, Prophet. Reversed: Nation, Legislator, Body Politic, Population, Generation."
 

wandking

thanks robert

the last article you posted was very good.
 

le pendu

wandking said:
Here it is in TRANSCENDENTAL MAGIC: Its Doctrine and Ritual: ELIPHAS LEVI Translated, annotated and introduced by Arthur Edward Waite.

According to this text, Etteilla and maybe De Gebelin offer spiritual meanings.

Waite translates Levi as saying "In archaic writings preceding the Captivity, the Hebrew Tau was cruciform, which confirms further our interpretation of the twelfth symbol of the Kabalistic Tarot. The Cross, which produces four triangles, is also the sacred sign of the duodenary, and on this account it was called the Key of Heaven by the Egyptians. So Etteilla, confused by his protracted researches for the conciliation of the analogical necessities of this symbol with his own personal opinion, in which he was influenced by the erudite Court de Gebelin, placed in the hand of his upright hanged man, by him interpreted as Prudence, a Hermetic caduceus, formed by two serpents and a Greek TAU."

I believe Ettiella wrote "PRUDENCE—Discretion, Wisdom, Circumspection, Restrained, Discernment, Foresight, Reserve—Presentiment, Prognostication, Prophet. Reversed: Nation, Legislator, Body Politic, Population, Generation."

Right.. So we're back to the same place already. We know that Court de Gebelin turned the Hanged Man "upside-down" and called him Prudence, and we know that Ettiella kept the meaning. So Levi is next in line..right?
Papus has this to say:
http://www.sacred-texts.com/tarot/tob/tob26.htm

It looks to me as if Papus is bringing in the self-sacrifice aspect picked up by Waite.

robert
 

Valkyriesong

Actually ... I always it kind of was like the odin who hung himself from a tree and sacrificed his eye to read the runes. I read the hanged man as kind of a sacrifice. Choosing to give up something for something else willingly

Reversed I read it as a forced sacrifice or confusion. the deer in the head lights stare after the tower card situation was presented. .. that sort of thing