northsea said:
You're welcome, dangerdork. It's the least I could do after your discussion of the Ladder of Virtues layout. I like the Apollo versus Dionysus aspect ...
OK, let's go off on a wild tangent here. Apollonian vs Dionysian in a Nietzschean sense? and I tried to tack on Hermetic just to make it work. Well, now, maybe it was working better than I thought.
I've been reading my Joseph Campbell again today, this time Volume 3 of The Masks of God. I'm going to make a mangled attempt at a quick background so you can play along at home.
The most ancient civilizations (Sumer, Babylon, Egypt) tended to have Matriarchal mythologies. Since their cities first arose from agriculture rather than hunting or nomadic herding, this kind of makes sense. They were large, stable groups who stayed in one place and followed organized patterns of activity. And their religion reflected the phases of planting, tending, and harvest -- Their prime deity was invariably the Earth Mother, from whom all life originated. Isis, Ashera, those chicks. She was invariably associated with the Moon, Snakes, and usually bulls. Most Matriarchal mythologies involve this Goddess having a child who dies, is resurrected, and returns to her. Oh, and who is also her husband. Before you flinch too hard at that, think of Mary's relationship to the Father, Son and Holy Ghost. This stuff trickles down.
There's usually a tree involved too. Tree of Life, Tree of Knowledge, etc.
Now, these types of religions are similar to modern Eastern religions in the sense that they believe "God is in all of us." The Goddess we worship is PART of us, and we are part of her. George Lucas is a big Joe Campbell fan. Think of the Force in Star Wars. All the gods and goddesses and demons and so forth in these pantheistic mythologies are manifestations of the Goddess, as is the Goddess herself a manifestation of the life force, of the creation of which we are all part.
So anyways, history rolls along. Turns out that the hunters and nomadic herders are much bigger badasses than the farmers, and they eventually swarm over the cities and take things over for themselves. And, having developed a
totally different philosophy through generations of their polar opposite lifestyles, it turns out that even their religious systems are radically different. THEIR systems are PATRIARCHAL. The MEN are in charge. Kicking the most ass and being an Individual and a Hero takes precedence over playing nice with others and nurturing children and following the Golden Rule.
And these Patriarchal societies Worship MALE prime deities, who are associated with the Sun and Eagles and Lions. Most of the old myths with the chicks and the snakes and the trees are rewritten so that they are the forces of Evil, who are defeated by the Heroic. And the other thing about Patriarchal mythologies, is that they REJECT the Oneness, the Force, the Unity of Spirit. Their myths and religions are Dualistic - the Creator God is a separate entity from his creation. Me may "Join" him in the afterlife, but he a Being and not a Spirit or Force. Patriarch Gods can punish or reward you in the afterlife, whereas in Matriarchal systems you just re-merge with that from whence you came.
Get to the Point, dangerdork, I hear you saying. Well, as the Patriarchal systems became more and more prevalent, incorporating perverted versions of the original Goddess stories back into their own pantheons, there arose the tradition of the Mystery Religions.
One of the original descriptions of our Three Paths (see, I got there!) was Apollonian / Dionysian / Hermetic, which I was kind of making up as I go along. Apollonian religions (named after Apollo, a nice studly Male sun god), are quiet, contemplative, meditative and have precisely structured rituals. Dionysian religions, on the other hand, are a THROWBACK to the old Goddess religions. Dionysus, the God of Wine, was indeed male, but if you look at the some of the myths surrounding him, his role of death and resurrection and so forth become apparent. Dionysus was an important character in the Orphic mystery tradition, where participants drank a lot, listened to loud music with complicated drums, took drugs, danced and had sex. And kept it all a biiiig deep dark secret. Let's not forget another "Dionysian Style" mystery religion - that of Hermes Trismegistus, which eventually trickled down into Alchemy and the general western occult traditions.
I could blather all day about this (and I'm sure there are folks reading along who know WAY more about this stuff than I), but let's look back to the Three Paths, shall we? Down there in the first Row, our Outer path - dang, there's lots of symbols that remind me of not just Apollo specifically (although that Fat Old Sun does show up here), but more of a Warlike Patriarchal Society in general. I had failed to consider what an important weapon the Chariot was in ancient warfare. If we were making up the tarot today, it would be The Tank or The Bomber or something. Both the violence and the phallic shape of the Tower feed into this, and the Pure-Male energies of the Magician and Emperor.
But now.... let's skip up to row 3. Empress - The Mother Goddess. Check. The Lovers - Garden of Eden, Snakes, treees, etc. Check. The Hermit? hmmmmmmm. need to think about this one. The Hanged Man - the Son who dies and is resurrected. Check. The Devil - is starting to look like Dionysus Himself. check. The Moon? already discussed as a primary symbol of Goddess religions and the opposite of the Sun. Check. and the World? Mother Earth, anyone? WOW, this REALLY works for me. Row 1 is Patriarchal, open and accepted society - Row 3 is the primal, hidden, Mystery religion stuff.
Any additions to Row 2? Well, I was interested to note that in the Eleusinian mystery religion, initiates were shown into the secret temples by, get ready for it - The Priestesses and the Hierophants. Yep, that was dude's
official title in THAT religion. It's where the word comes from (it translates something like - The One Who Shows the Way to the Holy Place) . And as for the rest of the row, I still need to do more digging on these Virtues chicks. Where exactly did they originate? Look at the illustrations for the "Cardinal Virtues" on this Wikipedia page (and note that they are from Pope Clement II's tomb in Bamberg Cathedral, predating the first known tarots by hundreds of years):
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_virtues
OK, well, I
have learned most of this stuff at earlier times in my life and eventually forgotten it over the years, but when I look at the Seven Stations layout, it all becomes fresh and interesting and exciting again. Hope this has been as interesting for y'all as it has been for me.
dd
PS - and we haven't even TOUCHED Gnosticism yet.
