DianeOD
1232 - Emperor Frederick II received a large water clock with astronomical indications from Baghdad.
1271 - Robert the Englishman writes a commentary on Johannes de Sacrobosco's Tractus de Sphera Mundi in which he states that clockmakers have not found a method by which a wheel will make one revolution for every one of the equinoctial circle.
1275 ca. - Albrecht, author of Juengeren Titurel describes a clock which showed the passage of the sun and moon, etc.
1283 - Dunstable Priory ... Referring to the installation of a clock on top of the rood screen.
1284 - Repairs done to the church bells, musical instruments and clock in Exeter Cathedral.
1284 - Bishop Gulielmus Durandus. Rationale Divinorum Officiorum describes the construction and content of an ideal church, including a clock 'somewhere in the nave'.
[1300 ca. - Pierre Pipelart built the first recorded public clock in Paris.]
1322 -1325 - A large astronomical clock with automata installed in Norwich Cathedral Priory.
1327 - 1336 - Richard of Wallingford's astronomical clock at St Albans Abbey.
1336 - Galvano Fiamma Hour striking described in the clock of San Gotardo in Milan. The clock is described as having a very large bell which is struck 24 times with one at the first hour, two at the second and so on.
1344 - Jacopo Dondi built a striking clock in for Padua which automatically strikes the equinoctial hours rather than canonical hours.
1348 - A striking clock recorded in London.
1364 ca.- De Dondi's Planetary Clock.
1377 - Clock installed in the Campanile in Ghent struck the hours on a bell.
1376 - King Pere's description of a clock sent to his daughter.
1386 - Salisbury cathedral clock first recorded.
1410 - Prague Town Hall clock completed.
1420 - Inventory of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy (1396 - 1467): 12 July 1420 - Item: a small square clock, gilt on the outside, and its white enamelled zodiac has one bell on top to ring the hours. Inventory of Margaret of Burgundy 1423: 'a small gilt clock. There are two panels on either side made of gilt silver, as is also the dial.
1450 ca. - Earliest surviving spring-driven clocks from Burgundy.
1470 - Inventory of the Duke of Burgundy refers to a small gold table clock set with twelve rubies with a dial in the upper face.
1480 ca. - The Prince of Milan and his courtiers had very small clocks.
1480 - 1485 - The Almanus Manuscript is written.
I have omitted a number of references ..
For the rest see (webpage) A Chronology of Clocks (by) David Thompson 2001-2006
The point is that imagery used later for cards (including Atout imagery) appears in public contexts - mainly religious architecture - from roughly the same time.
1271 - Robert the Englishman writes a commentary on Johannes de Sacrobosco's Tractus de Sphera Mundi in which he states that clockmakers have not found a method by which a wheel will make one revolution for every one of the equinoctial circle.
1275 ca. - Albrecht, author of Juengeren Titurel describes a clock which showed the passage of the sun and moon, etc.
1283 - Dunstable Priory ... Referring to the installation of a clock on top of the rood screen.
1284 - Repairs done to the church bells, musical instruments and clock in Exeter Cathedral.
1284 - Bishop Gulielmus Durandus. Rationale Divinorum Officiorum describes the construction and content of an ideal church, including a clock 'somewhere in the nave'.
[1300 ca. - Pierre Pipelart built the first recorded public clock in Paris.]
1322 -1325 - A large astronomical clock with automata installed in Norwich Cathedral Priory.
1327 - 1336 - Richard of Wallingford's astronomical clock at St Albans Abbey.
1336 - Galvano Fiamma Hour striking described in the clock of San Gotardo in Milan. The clock is described as having a very large bell which is struck 24 times with one at the first hour, two at the second and so on.
1344 - Jacopo Dondi built a striking clock in for Padua which automatically strikes the equinoctial hours rather than canonical hours.
1348 - A striking clock recorded in London.
1364 ca.- De Dondi's Planetary Clock.
1377 - Clock installed in the Campanile in Ghent struck the hours on a bell.
1376 - King Pere's description of a clock sent to his daughter.
1386 - Salisbury cathedral clock first recorded.
1410 - Prague Town Hall clock completed.
1420 - Inventory of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy (1396 - 1467): 12 July 1420 - Item: a small square clock, gilt on the outside, and its white enamelled zodiac has one bell on top to ring the hours. Inventory of Margaret of Burgundy 1423: 'a small gilt clock. There are two panels on either side made of gilt silver, as is also the dial.
1450 ca. - Earliest surviving spring-driven clocks from Burgundy.
1470 - Inventory of the Duke of Burgundy refers to a small gold table clock set with twelve rubies with a dial in the upper face.
1480 ca. - The Prince of Milan and his courtiers had very small clocks.
1480 - 1485 - The Almanus Manuscript is written.
I have omitted a number of references ..
For the rest see (webpage) A Chronology of Clocks (by) David Thompson 2001-2006
The point is that imagery used later for cards (including Atout imagery) appears in public contexts - mainly religious architecture - from roughly the same time.
