Ross G Caldwell said:
Perhaps what we should look for is a lexicon with abundant examples of 15th and 16th century examples of the term "Maison Dieu", to get at what the designer was thinking.
Ross
Haven't got abundant examples, but here is one:
La Maison Dieu as Hospital
Douceur, humilité, pitié,
Et charité et amitié,
Et jeûne faire et pénitence,
Me mettent grand deuil en la panse.
Aumône faire et Dieu prier
Cela ne peut que m'ennuyer;
Dieu aimer et chastement vivre,
Lors me semble serpent et guivre*. .
Quand en
la Maison Dieu* l'on entre
Pour visiter quelque malade,
Lors ai le coeur si mort et fade
Qu'il m'est avis que point ne le sente.
From
Le Miracle de Théophile (1262) by the jongleur Rutebeuf {died 1285}
* guivre archaic word for vipère [viper]
* Maison Diue = hôpital (Hôtel-Dieu)
Paul Huson has related this card to medieval theatrical representations of purgatory. In relation to the concept of a hospital in those times such may have been considered not so much as a place of protection, as a place of
purgation in which the body is to be purged of sickness, just as in purgatory the soul is to be purged of its moral sickness.
Note here to the use of the archaic work
panses meaning 'paunch' or 'guts'. Our Lady the Virgin Mary uses this word later on in the play:
SATAN
Moi, vous la rendre?
J'aimerais mieux que l'on me pende!
Je lui ai rendu sa prébende[43]
Et il me fit aussitôt offrande
De son corps, de son âme et de son bien.
NOTRE DAME
Et moi je te foulerai la panse.
(Ici Notre-Dame apporte la charte à Théophile)
"And me, I will trample your guts", exclaims Mary to the Devil!
The play of Le Miracle de Theophile by the jongleur Rutebeuf was based upon a popular medieval folk tale of a man Theophilus who sold his soul to the devil. Regretting his actions he prayed to Mary for help, she wrests his blood signed deed from the devil and gives it him back, pardoning him. The scene where Mary pins down the devil and seizes the contract from his claw and cries out: "Et je te foulerai la panse" (And I'll trample on your gut) can be seen in petroglyphs in the architecture of church's and cathedrals, such as at Notre Dame.
The title of the Popesse card La Pance in one card is perhaps an allusion to this, in which case there is an identification of the figure with the Virgin Mary.
Kwaw